An Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) is a type of cyberattack where hackers secretly break into a computer network and stay there for a long time without being caught. These attacks are very sophisticated and usually target high-value organizations like governments, banks, and critical infrastructure. The goal of an APT is to stay hidden while stealing important data like intellectual property, sensitive information, or trade secrets.

Key Points

• What are APTs? APTs are advanced, long-term cyberattacks designed to steal sensitive information or cause harm.
• Targets: They usually target governments, large companies, and critical systems, but smaller businesses can also be affected.
• Common APT tactics: Hackers use phishing emails, malware, backdoors, and explore the network to find valuable data.
• How to prevent APTs: Use multi-factor authentication, monitor your network constantly, and segment your network.
• Examples of APTs: Some well-known APT groups are Fancy Bear (APT28), Lazarus Group (APT38), and APT41.

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Related Terms

How Do APTs Work?

1. Infiltration

APTs usually start by breaking into the network using phishing emails, malware, or by taking advantage of zero-day vulnerabilities. Hackers send fake emails with dangerous links or attachments to employees, which gives them access to the system.

2. Lateral Movement

Once hackers are inside, they use lateral movement to explore the network and find valuable information. They also use backdoors to make sure they can get back in, even if they get detected or if defenses are updated.

3. Data Exfiltration

After finding valuable data, hackers steal it by sending it to themselves. Sometimes, they also destroy evidence or make it harder to trace their activity by using destructive attacks.

For more on phishing protection, visit our article on phishing explained. You can also learn about penetration testing methods to better understand vulnerabilities in your system.

Real-World Examples of APTs

Key Characteristics of APTs

1. Persistence: APT hackers stay in a network for a long time—sometimes months or even years—without being detected. They use tools like malware or rootkits to stay hidden and keep their access.
2. Sophistication: APT attacks are very advanced and need a lot of resources, such as time, expertise, and special tools. Hackers use things like botnets, DNS tunneling, and Command and Control (C2) infrastructure to succeed.
3. Targeted Approach: APTs go after high-value targets like government agencies, large corporations, and critical infrastructure. Hackers spend a lot of time doing reconnaissance to find the best ways to break in.

Protecting Against APTs

1. Network Segmentation

Dividing your network into different parts makes it harder for hackers to move around. If they break into one segment, they can’t easily access others.

2. Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA)

Using more than one type of verification makes it harder for attackers to break in, even if they steal a password. This can include codes sent to phones or fingerprint scans.

3. Anomaly Detection Systems

Anomaly detection tools can help find unusual activities, like logging in at strange times or transferring large amounts of data. These tools can catch attackers before they do too much damage.

For more strategies to improve your organization's security, check out our comprehensive guide to DevSecOps.